Built-up roof



March 12, 1929. J. STAGG 1,705,160

BUILT -UP ROOF Filed Feb. 27, 1924 Patented Mar. 12, 1929.

UNITED STATES 1,705,160 PATENT OFFICE.

JONES P. STAGE, OF KBTWELL, OHIO, ASSIGNOB TO THE PHILIP CAREY MANUFAC- TUBING COMPANY, A OORPORA'IION OF OHIO.

BUILT-UP ROOF.

Application filed February 27, 1924. Serial No. 695,549.

My'invention relates to roofing and more especially to what is known as built-up roofing in which a plurality of sheets of roofing material are applied to a roof to form layers 5 and in which each layer or sheet is adheslvely cemented to the next sheet or layer below, until the desired thickness is obtained.

My invention is adapted to built-up roofs on any foundation. As is well known'the l weatherproof qualities of a roof depend upon the quantity of asphalt or bituminous material applied to it. By my invention I can greatl increase the quantity of such material over t e amount heretofore applied. By my 5 invention I am also able to use on a roof an asphalt of a much hi her melting point as I form art of my roo in the factory and lay it in s ab form.

In the drawings Fig. 1 is a erspective view of my built-up roofing, and ig. 2 is a cross section of a portion 0 same which for clearness is greatly enlarged. Fig. 3 is a modification.

In the drawings in which like letters refer to like parts A is the foundation upon which m improved built-up roofing is to be applied. I l iave shown this as wood sheathing in Figures 1 and 2 but would have it understand that the foundation could be wood, concrete, tile,

gypsum, etc. as shown in Figure 3. In my built-u roo ng I provide a preformed board like sla D consisting of two sheets d and d preferably of a fibrous felted bituminous saturated flexible material, such as asphalt saturated rag felt or paper, between which is a bonding layer d of bituminous material such as asphalt. I also use for this board like slab in lace of the rag felt, other sheet material such as asbestos felt or paper, or, a sheet of rag felt or paper and a sheet of asbestos felt or paper. en the roofing is to be an asbestos built-up roof I prefer the board like slab D to be formed with a comparatively thick bonding layer of bituminous material,

and I also prefer that the sheet that is to be adjacent to the foundation should be of a material with more stretching quality than asbestos felt, such as rag felt. This will permit the lower sheet of the board like slab D to be so stretched with the movement of the foundation and this movement or strain partially absorbed by the bituminous bonding layer so that the upper sheet of the board like slab D will not be subjected to the same strain as the lower sheet. This enables me to lay a built up roof using plies of asbestos felt or paper which has little or comparatively no stretching qualities.

The preformed board like slabs D are laid u on a roof close together so that the vertical e ges abut and are then, if the foundation is a wood or similar sheathing, nailed by nails arranged preferably in staggered form. If the roof is being laid on a wood sheathing or foundation I prefer to lay the slabs so that their longitudinal length will be lateral to the lay of the wood. If the foundation is concrete, or similar material, I cement the preformed slabs to it by first applying a coating of bituminous or other adhesive material into which the slabs are placed. In laying the slabs I prefer to lay them so as to break the line between them in at least one direction as shown in Fig. 1. When the vertical adjacent edges of the slabs D abut I apply a coatin G of asphalt or other suitable material w ich tends to pass into the crevice between the slabs D, D, cementing them together. Overlapping adjacent slabs D, D, when I have applied the coating G, I then lay a narrow strip F preferably of bituminous saturated rag felt; Over the slabs D and the strips F, I then ap ly a coating H of bituminous material, re erably asphalt, into which I lay sheets I o bituminous saturated ra felt or similar material overlapping the s eets I one half of their width so that each sheet is cemented to the slabs D and to the next adjacent sheet I which it overlaps. As a sheet I is laid the bituminous material is then applied to its exposed surface for the next sheet I which overlaps it. In the drawing I have shown a built-up roofing which has at all points on the roof not less than four lies of saturated felt or paper. If it is desired to have additional plies they may be applied by having each sheet I overlap the next sheet a distance greater than one half its width, for instance, if adjacent sheets overlapped two-thirds then the roof would have not less than three plies at any point, if adjacent sheets overlapped three quarters the roof would have not less than four plies at any point.

At the ends of a roof, adjacent a wall, flashing is arranged as follows: In the wall B is provided a nailing strip C. Extending from a point on the ,roof to the wall and up to the nailing strip C, I provide an angle strip E which is preferably of saturated felt not attached to the wall except for the purpose of holding while the flashing is being built up. As the sheets I are laid I extend the ends upward and cement them to the angle strip E by asphalt. After the sheets I have all been laid I apply another angle strip N extending from the nailing strip (7 to which it is nailed. by nails R. down over the angle strip E. the ends of the sheet I out onto the roof surface prop er. This strip N is cemented to the strip E and sheets I by as'phalt M. Over the nails It. I then cement by an asphalt cement a canvas strip or preferably I apply a galvanized heavy iron or heavy copper sheet 1.

Over the urface of the roof and flashing, after being applied as etforth, I apply a surfacing of a phalt to a thickness preferably not in excess of one sixteenth of an inch.

'hen my rooting is applied to a concrete. tile or simiiar foundation 1 first apply to the foundation a bituminous cement. such as asphalt. and into that I place the slabs I). Under some conditions it is advisable to provide a layer ofheat insulating material preferably not less than one inch thick on the roof and I have found that my invention is especially adapted for such a condition. In Fig. 3. I have shown a cross sect ion of a roof. embodying this feature. in Which to the concrete. foundation X is attached insulating material U. This material may be any suitable insulating material but I prefer one that is of a tough tibrous nature formed into slabs having innumerable air spaces. The insulating slabs should preferably be laid so as to break joints with the slabs D as shown in Fig. 3. These insulating slabs I prefer to cement together at their adjacent edges by a suitable adhesive. On a wood surface the insulating slabs would be nailed to the roof. I preferably apply and cement to the insulation U the slabs D by a cementing layer T. The balance of the roof is then built up as described above.

If desired several layers of the built up slabs D could be used in a roof in which case I would prefer to arrange each layer to break oints with the layer below. While I have shown my invention with the slabs D nailed directly to the sheathing in Fig. 1. I would have it understood that the slabs could be arranged between layers of bituminous saturated flexible sheets if desired.

Claims 1. A roofing composed of preformed boardlike slabs arranged wholly in the same lane, each of said slabs having a plurality of plies of material bonded together, sheets of flexible material overlapping adjacent sheets and bonded to said slabs and to each other.

2. Arooting com osed of reformed boardlike slabs arrange wholly 1n the same plane so that adjacent edges abut. each of said slabs having a pluralit of plies of bituminous saturated material onded together by a layer of bituminous material, sheets of flexible material overlapping adjacent sheets and bonded to aid slabs and to each other.

3. A rootingcomposed ot' preformed boardlllit slabs arranged wholly in the same plane so that adjacent edges abut. each of said slabs having a pluralitv of plies of bituminou saturated material bonded together by a layer of bituminous material. a narrow strip of flexible material overlapping and cemented to adjacent slabs. sheets of tlexible material overlapping adjacent she ts and bonded to said slabs and to each other.

4. A rooting composed of preformed boardlike slabs arranged wholly in the same plane so that adjacent edges abut. a bituminous material cementing said abutt ing edges together. each of said slabs having a plurality of plies of bituminous saturated material bonded together by a. layer of bituminous material thicker than either of said plies. sheets of flexible material overlapping adjacent sheets and bonded to said slabs and to each other.

5. A rootingcomposed of preformed boardlike slabs arranged wholly III the same plane so that adjacent edges abut each of said slabs having a pluralitv of plies of bituminous saturated material bonded together by a layer of bituminous material thicker than either of said plies. sheets of flexible material overlapping adjacent sheets and bonded to said slabs and to each other. and means fixedly attaching said slabs to the roof foundation.

6. A roofing. a foundation therefor. a wall at an edge of said foundation. relative] thick, rigid. preformed. board-like slabs laid in the same plane and fixedly secured to said foundation and to each other. sheets of bituminous saturated flexible material arranged so that adjacent sheets overlap bituminous material cementing said sheets to each othel and to the said slabs. said sheets at the wall extending upward thereon and cemented thereto.

7. A roofing. a foundation therefor, a wall at an edge of said foundation, relatively thick. rigid. preformed. board-like slabs laid in the same plane having edges of adjacent slabs abutting and fixedly secured to said foundation and to each other, sheets of bitumino'us saturated flexible material arranged so that adjacent sheets overlap, bituminous material cementin said sheets to each other and to the said sla s, said sheets at the wall extending upward thereon and cemented thereto.

8. A roofing. a foundation therefor, a wall at an edge of said foundation, relatively thick. rigid, preformed, board-like slabs laid in the same plane having edges of adjacent slabs abutting and fixedly secured to said foundation and to each other, sheets of bituminous saturated flexible material arranged so that adjacent sheets overlap bituminous material cementing said sheets to each other and to the said slabs, said sheets at the wall extending upward thereon and cemented thereto a strip of flexible material cemented to said wall and extending under said upwardly extending portions of said sheets and under said slabs on to the said foundation.

9. A roofing, a foundation therefor, a wall at an edge of said foundation, relativel thick, rigid. preforn'ied, board-like slabs laid in the same plane having edges of adjacent slabs abutting and fixedly secured to said foundation and to each other. sheets of bituminous saturated flexible material arranged so that adjacent sheets overlap bituminous material cementing said sheets to each other and to the said slabs, said sheets at the wall extending upward thereon and cemented thereto, a strip of flexible material cemented to said wall and extending under said upwardly extending portions of said sheets and under said slabs on to the said foundation, a nailing strip in said wall and a strip of flexible material secured thereto overlapping and eemented to said upwardly extending portions of said sheets and extended inward from said wall over and cemented to said sheets.

10. A roofing composed of a layer of heat insulating material, a layer of preformed board-like slabs of waterproof material, a layer of sheets of flexible bituminous saturated material, said preformed slabs bein all arranged in the same plane and having t ieir adjacent edges abutting, and a suitable adhesive material cementing said layers together.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

J. P. STAGG. 

